Maroon 5 CD back cover analysis

Audience Research

So we can work out what our target audience should be, and audience demand, we have put together a small questionnaire to get the opinions of a variety of people and what song genre suits was group. The questions of this questionnaire includes;

1. How old are you?

• - 10
• 10 - 15
• 16 - 20
• 21 - 25
• 26 - 30
• 31 +

2. What is your gender?

• Male
• Female

3. What is your favourite music genre?

• Pop
• Jazz
• Classic
• Rap
• Alternative
• Rock
• Dub-step
• Other ______________

4. Despite your answer for question three, would you listen to artist 'Lorde'

• Yes
• No
• I don't know who she is.

Blog Update - 11/12/2015

Our first draft of our storyboard is now completed after two weeks of having group meetings. while creating out story board, we realised that some things needed to be changed as we either came up with better ideas or we found that certain shots were repetitive. We made these changes on the storyboard and so we will be updating our script to match our story board as a second draft. We will then soon be making a final draft of both to upload onto the blog before filming.
As well as this, we have decided to start filming little bits during the Christmas holidays so we don't have as much to deal with when we actually get to the filming stage. Location research will also be carried out in so we know where we can film.

Location Research

We have been deciding on locations to shoot at whilst doing our storyboard.

These are our locations that we have discussed:

• for the time lapse of cars - we need a road (maybe on bridge outside Morrisons?)

we might shoot footage from this bridge, of cars on the road. (street map image)

• In a bedroom (for close-up of Celine singing against plain (white-ish) wall.) - Katie's room?

• a not-so-busy street for shots of lower and sometimes higher class walking.

• Hotel room (TV Static shot)

• At a bus stop (lower class getting on a bus)

this is a bus stop we might use (street map image)

• Hempstead Valley Shopping Center (upper-class walking around)

• A room that we can have a jewelry box in. (for close-up shot of jewelry box, and shot of upper-class putting on necklace/spraying perfume)

• Skate park? Or a big empty area where we can have some shots of skateboarding. (garages near Katie's house?)

• Train Station (for train shots)

• For walking down stairs shot could be at a Train station or in a house.

So far we have roughly 8 different locations to shoot at.

Costumes Research

The costumes used for our music video for Royals will differ between the higher class and lower class.

The lower class would be wearing 'cheap' clothing i.e. hoodies, jeans/tracksuit bottoms, trainers. Just general casual wear of today's society.

The higher class would be wearing perhaps more expensive clothing and jewelry i.e dresses, maybe jeans/trousers, nice tops, necklaces, bracelets, rings etc. Again, casual clothing but of a higher standard to suggest that the higher class care more about their appearance.

Group discussions

As you may have noticed there has not been many posts on our blog for a while. This is because we have been doing a lot of group discussions off the computer. We have been discussing locations, props and have been using our script to do our storyboard which is almost completed.
There will be some new blog posts appearing very soon!

Metallica Magazine Cover

Star Analysis - Meghan Trainor

- Celine Dior

Analyzing A2 Music Video- Rolling in the Deep

Rolling in the Deep by Adele- A2 Media Music Video

I love the way this music video starts. It's simple yet very effective. The use of the clapperboard and the way the colour fades out, to make the rest of the video black and white is really good! And when it turns black and white, about 13 seconds in, the music starts.
When the shot changes to the girl with the boy behind her, there is a smoke effect which I find quite effective too.
There are some shots where you see her singing and other shots where you don't. In these scenes she is sort of 'acting'. She adds these shots, varied throughout the video, possibly to add narrative. The whole music video represents the song quite well. Both the Video and the Song link together perfectly, in my opinion. Both the Song and Video are saying that the boy and girl could of  "had it all" as referenced by the song and shown by the video.
Another good effect she uses is in some scenes where there are two scenes sort of 'blended' together making one of the scenes kind of transparent?
As the intensity of the song increases, the shot paces and transitions speed up. This is another reason why the video fits perfectly with the song.
At the end the final shot is of the girl with the boy behind her, then it fades out.

Katie Tancred

Maroon 5 CD Cover

Lorde Magazine Cover

Some other Lorde 'Royals' advertising posters

I'm not sure if these advertisements are genuine and customised by Lorde and her producers, or if they are fan-made. Either way I think they are good! They are all simple yet, sum up her style of her songs on her album quite well.

This one at the top, as you can see, has an image of Lorde herself. She is wearing a crown, which gives her the 'Royals' look. She also seems to be crying? Maybe, along with the crown, this is referring to one of her lines in the song Royals, "And we'll never be royals". 

At the bottom there is the title of her album 'Pure Heroine' in the same font and size as 'Lorde' at the top. And below that is the month and year of release of the album. 'Coming September 2013'.

This next one is slightly different. It is still a picture of her, but it looks like she is stood in a dark area of a room (could be Photoshop though!) especially because of the extremely bright, white background.

All the text that appears on this advertisement is 'Lorde' underlined, and as the biggest size text on there. And underneath that is 'Pure Heroine'- the title of the album.

This last one also shows just Lorde. This advertisement is for the american tour. It is quite dark, with only some light, as you can see, behind Lorde, around the outline of her body, her hair, and some dull, solid light that shows her face. The only text on this is her name 'Lorde' , perhaps because the tour she is doing is for all of her songs that she has ever recorded plus maybe some new ones.

As you can see by these 3 advertisements, most of her advertising material is basic yet creative. I believe this as yes, its simple but because it's simple, it sort of stands out. It's different. There are so many artists that make album/single covers and advertisements so bright and colourful with loads of different shapes, patterns and pictures. Yes, some are effective, but Lorde proves that the simple designs work just as well. She instantly gives out information such as who she is, what the album is called and occasionally when the release date is of the album/tour. That's all that most fans really need. You don't have to be 'working out' what information the artist is giving away to you on the advertisement.

Katie Tancred

Lorde Royals Single - Front Cover analysis

• The necklace is a piece of jewellery which is associated with higher class people. However this necklace is a chain which can be associated with lower class people.
• The way that the person is leaning shows that he is worn out or he has just been beaten up.
• There is water running down this person’s body. This could mean that water is being poured over him or that it is raining. This could coincide with the fact that he may have been beating up. He may be pouring water over himself to get rid of any blood on him.
• The CD cover as a whole is very dark and gloomy. This could represent the lower class as their future may not be that bright.
• The title of the single and name of the artist are in capitals. This makes it easier to read and it stands out from the rest of the cover.
• The font of the single title and artist makes it easier to read because it is a white text on a grey background. It is the only part of the cover that doesn't gloomy as it is not in a dark colour like the rest of the cover.

Lewis Gollop

Music Genre Codes and Conventions - Acoustic

• Acoustic music videos tend to be filmed in isolated locations away from everyone else. This could be because they want to show their emotions or because the artist/s wants to make themselves the main point of focus.
• Acoustic music videos tend to be very slow and have very slow movements. This could be because acoustic songs are very emotional and the artist wants to show their emotions and how they feel.
• Acoustic videos tend to be edited into black and white or to make them look old fashioned, possibly by using a sepia tone. Acoustic artists may do this because this type of music video fits in very well with the genre.
• acoustic videos tend to generally have a lot of close of the artist and their instruments. The artist/s may use close up shots of their face because they want to be recognised if they are seen again or their song may be emotional so they may want the viewer to their emotions. they may use close ups of their instruments because they want to show the viewer that they are playing it and not playing along to a recording.

Lewis Gollop

Music Genre Codes and Conventions - Jazz

• Jazz music videos tend to contain bright lighting. This could be because of the type of music. Jazz music tends to be very upbeat and the lighting would work with that. Another reason could be because is the artist wants to see everything that is going on.
• Jazz artists clothing generally consists of them wearing very smart clothing such as wearing suits. This shows that they are classy and sharp and show their class within society.
• Filming locations of jazz music videos tend to be in street scenarios or in run places. This could be because jazz artists want themselves to stand out from everything. This is done by them wearing a suit and filming in a run down area. Another reason why jazz artists film in streets and run down areas could be because they want themselves to be seen as if they was a normal person who lives in a street with a normal day to day job.
• Sometimes jazz music videos can be filmed in large open areas. This could be because they want their videos to represent the freedom to move about or they use the space for the purpose of their ideas.

Lewis Gollop

Music Genre Codes and Conventions - Folk

• Lighting of the music video is generally very dark. The lighting is usually focused on the main artist/s. This could be because the lighting only wants you to focus on the artist/band and not on the background.
• Folk music videos usually contain close up shots of the artists/bands face/s and instruments. This could be because the artist/s want the audience to recognise their faces if they are seen again. They may take close ups of instruments because they want to show the audience that they play their instruments.
• Folk music videos tend to have a lot of black and white shots to them. This could be because folk music sounds very old and they want the video to coincide with each other. Another reason could be that the genre wants to stand out from other music videos and genres, they want to be unique.
• Folk music tends to be over exaggerated meaning that folk artists tend to go over the top with their music and can be very loud and very fast. For example Mumford and Sons.

Lewis Gollop

Shots that could be used for our music video

As I knew I would be using the train on a trip out I had last week, I discussed with the group beforehand if it would be useful to shoot a few train scenes for our music video as we had already talked about perhaps getting some train scenes in there.

They agreed and so I did take a few shots. Some are of the outside of the train and some are from the inside of the train. If we use any of these shots, we will obviously take out the sound so that it doesn't interfere with the song and/or the video itself.  Here are the shots that I managed to shoot;

Katie Tancred

Music Genres Codes and Conventions - Dance

• Dance music is generally upbeat. This could be because dance songs are used in happy environments so dance would music would further increase the emotions.
• The music videos of dance songs tend to be rather fun and have a quirky sort of style to them. This could be because dance artists want their videos to look unique compared to other types of genres. It could also be because dance musicians want their audience to have fun whilst watching their music videos.
• Dance songs generally have a dance routine to their videos. This would link in to a dance songs, also a well choreographed dance routine can be very impressive so dance artists want their viewers to enjoy watching their videos and to be wowed.
• The dancers performing the dance routine will generally be wearing the same type of outfits. This could be because if the artist is wearing a different outfit then they wouldn't want to look the same as you wouldn't be able to tell who is who. Another reason why the dancers where the same outfits could be because if every dancer is wearing the same outfit then you would be able to tell that they are the dancers.
• The colours in the video tend to very bright and colourful. This could be because dance artists want their music videos to be lively and fun to watch. Bright colours could also make people feel happier and bright colours also make the video seem more interesting. Bright colours can also make the music video seem different to other genres which generally use very dull colours in their music videos.
• The type of environment that dance songs are set in is usually party settings. This could be because party settings allow the dance routine to happen. Another reason why dance songs are set in party environments could be because parties are usually where dance songs are made.

Lewis Gollop

Time Lapse

During our video, at some point we wanted to include a time lapse of cars driving at night as well as the sky. This shows how the people features in our video want to be free as well as shows the passing of time.
Here we found a good example video we found which would be a good start to planning this section of the video. However, our aim was originally to have this time lapse still being shot down from a bridge so its a birds eye view but we all agree that we like this style as well.

 

Editing Techniques

Here, I will show some editing techniques that I think we probably could use in our music video.

• There will be a few Short Cuttings/Flash Cuttings (a cut that has a brief duration). Especially where we are planning to do a quick Shot Reverse Shot.

• They will be quite a bit of Cross Cutting (editing that alternates shots between two or more lines of action happening in different places)

• At the end, we could use a slow fade out. I quite like the idea of when the lower and higher class meet at the end, the scene slowly fades out.

Katie Tancred

Music Genre Codes and Conventions - R'n'B

• Lots of R'n'B music videos tend to have a lot of close ups of the artist/s. this could be because the artist want to promote themselves and so that people recognise their face/s.
• The music videos tend of have a lot of use of special effects. This could be because that R'n'B artists want to make the videos look fancy and give a certain flair to their videos that no other genre may use.
• The environment for these kind of music videos tends to be in a house with a massive party going on in the background. This could be because R'n'B artists do not have a care in the world and go around having parties all the time.
• In R'n'B music videos money can be seen extensively. This point can be related to the last one. R'n'B artists have so much money that they spend of insanely expensive things that they don't necessarily need. 
• Most R'n'B music videos tend not to have much input from the artist throughout the video. The music video tends to contain more of a narrative than the artist. This could be because the song may need more of a video than the artist so that if fits in with the video.
• R'n'B music videos sometimes have a narrative. This means that some songs within the R'n'B genre have a meaning behind. Narratives do happen in R'n'B music videos but it is not that common.
• Some R'n'B music videos have a dance routine. This could be because a lot of R'n'B songs have parties in the background so they may want to get the people to dance. Well choreographed dance routines can also be very impressive so R'n'B artists may do this to wow their audience.

Lewis Gollop

Music Genre Codes and Conventions - Rap

- Celine Dior

Music Genre Codes and Conventions - Indie

- Celine Dior

Music Genre Codes and Conventions - Hip-Hop

• A lot of hip-hop songs are usually set in a party environment. This could be because that the artists who create the videos don't care about life and just have parties all the time.
• A lot of hip-hop music videos such as Eminem tend to have a lot of shots of them in their music video. This could because that hip-hop artists don't put much money into their music videos so they just use themselves or that they don't put much effort to go out to places to shoot their music videos. Another reason why hip-hop artists use themselves in their music videos is because they want people to recognise their faces and so they can promote themselves.

• A lot of hip-hop artists wear branded clothing which looks very casual. This could be because that hip-hop artists don't care what they wear and don't take pride in what they wear so they just wear any clothing. Another reason why hip-hop artists wear casual clothing is that they want to look like normal everyday people, they want to blend in with the crowd.
• The main object in hip-hop music videos is money. This may be the main object because hip-hop artists have so much money that they do not care about it. Another reason could be because of the amount of money they just throw it around and spend it on ridiculous items.
• A lot of hip-hop music videos feature items such as cars, mansions, jewellery and alcohol. this could be related to the previous point. Hip-hop artists have so much money that they spend it on insanely expensive items.
• Some hip-hop music videos contain other artists in their videos despite the fact they might not sing in the video. This might be because the artist may fit better in the type of music video or they might be trying to promote other artists.

Lewis Gollop

Auteur Theory

Auteur Theory

The Auteur Theory is a theory of film making in which the director is viewed as the main creator in a motion picture. 

It became apparent in the late 1940's in France and was named by an American film critic, Andrew Sarris. The theory had been inspired from the cinematic theories by Andre Bazin and Alexandre Astruc. The Auteur Theory largely came from Astruc's explanation of the idea of the 'camera-pen'.

The Theory believes that the director, who oversees all audio and visual elements of a motion picture, is more to be considered the "author" of the movie, rather than the writer of the screenplay. Basically certain visual elements such as; camera placement, blocking, lighting and scene length convey the message of the film rather than the plot line.

To be classified as an "auteur", according to Sarris, a director must show efficient technical knowledge in his technique, personal style in terms of how the movie looks and feels, and interior meaning.

A Music Video Director that uses the Auteur Theory

Hype Williams

Hype Williams was born in July 1970 in New York, USA as Harold Williams. He is a music director and was very well known for his music videos in the 90's.

 His style was using editing techniques and effects such as fish-eye lens work, saturated colours, wide framing, cinematic references and slow motion sequences. He is considered as the strongly influential hip-hop music director of the 90's. Although he is quite well known in this decade too for certain artists such as Kayne West, Nicki Minaj and Pharell Williams.

In 1996 he received the Billboard Music Video Award for Best Director of the year as well as the Jackson Limo Award for best Rap Video of the year

And in 1998 he received the MTV Video Music Award in the Best Rap Video category for Will Smith's "Gettin' Jiggy wit It".

In 2006, he won a BET Award for Best Director for Kanye West's "Gold Digger".

He works a lot with Kayne West nowadays. In fact, as of 2014, Kayne West holds the artist record for working the most times with Hype Williams. They both have collaborated on twenty music videos, beginning in 2005 with the music video for "Diamonds from Sierra Leone".

Katie Tancred

Script - First Draft

CD Cover analysis Lorde Pure Heroine

• Stage name of the artist. The font is very basic and easy to read.
• The name of the CD. Once again the font is very basic and easy to read.
• The background has no image which is unusual because most CD covers have an image of themselves or artwork from the group/person.
• The font is in white whilst the background is black meaning that it is much easier to read.
  
• The background is once again black which is continuing the theme from the front cover.
• The writing is once again very bold and very easy to read.
• Barcode of the CD.
• The font is white and the background is black which is the same format as the CD cover. This also means that the text is easier to read.
• Production details of the album.
• Record companies
• This piece of artwork could be famous piece of art or could be an artist’s interpretation of Lorde.
 Lewis Gollop

Cd Front Cover Analysis- School Reunion The 80's

Katie Tancred

Music Genre Codes and Conventions - Metal

- Celine Dior

Music Genre Codes and Conventions - Rock

- Celine Dior

Music Genre Codes and Conventions - Pop

- Celine Dior

Andrew Goodwin

Andrew Goodwin is a theorist that has identified a number of key features within music videos.

Andrew Goodwin’s six Features of Music Videos;

·         Music videos demonstrate genre characteristics. (e.g. stage performance in metal videos, dance routine for boy/girl band, aspiration in Hip Hop) [this is also known as iconography]

·         There is a relationship between lyrics and visuals. The lyrics are represented with images. (either illustrative, amplifying, contradicting).

·         There is a relationship between music and visuals. The tone and atmosphere of the visual reflects that of the music. (either illustrative, amplifying, contradicting).

·         The demands of the record label will include the need for lots of close ups of the artist and the artist may develop motifs which recur across their work (a visual style).

·         There is frequently reference to notion of looking (screens within screens, mirrors, stages, etc) and particularly voyeuristic treatment of the female body.

·         There is often intertextual reference (to films, tv programmes, other music videos etc).

Information From ‘Dancing in the Distraction Factory’ (http://beauchampcollegemedia.com/2010/09/01/features-of-music-videos-andrew-goodwin/)

These can be broken down into five simple key aspects to make them easier to understand at A-Level;

·         Thought through beat (Seeing what the lyrics mean in your head)

·         Relationship between the song and visuals

·         Narrative and performance of the song

·         Technical aspect of a music video (Mise-en-scene, special effects, sounds and editing hold together the video)

·         Star Image (The artist’s image/appearance/reputation)

Thought through beat

·         Lyrics should be able to make the audience see or feel what the artist is feeling, focusing on the chorus which gives feeling the verses which usually tell the story.

·         The voice of the song should be unique compared to others to give the person a form of identification.

·         The music video can aid the story telling by showing a narrative which plays out the moments of feeling which the artist is singing about. (This links in with the relationship between the song and visuals.

Relationship between the music and visuals

There are three ways which visuals can be used to promote a song;

1.      Illustration – The video used certain images and shots to explain the meaning and story of the lyrics.

2.      Disjuncture - The meaning of the song is completely ignored

3.      Amplify – This is when the images and camera shots are manipulated and shown repeatedly throughout the video and is drummed into our vision so we feel what the artist is feeling.

·         Andrew believed that music videos can promote a song by the way it acts out the lyrics. This is shown when a character does exactly what the song says. For example, in Tinie Tempah’s ‘Trampoline at many points in the song we see clips of the item which is mentions such as ‘tambourine’, ‘Nikies’, and ‘no nighty’.

·         This relationship links to the narrative and performance because the performance will often act out the lyrics.

Narrative and performance

·         It is important for an artist to be involved in the music video by performing or acting out a role as the main character or singer.

Technical aspect

·         Lighting and colour sets the mood and creates emphasis on significant parts of the song.

·         Mise-en-scene is vital to the production of the music video. It can help the artist gain authentication and also make his/her makeup appear more professional.

·         The beat of the song are useful to create effective cuts that go with the rhythm of the music

     Star Image

·         The star image is always very unique in the way he/she is presented. E.g. costume, moves and appearance.

·         Using lots of camera shots focusing on the artist/main actor, making him/her the centre of attention.

·         The star makes the video look more appealing to audiences while bringing a unique style to the video in the way he/she is portrayed.

- Celine Dior

Our timetable and deadlines

We have created a timetable/deadline sheet. This is to help us be a bit more organised and hopefully help us meet all deadlines.

We also have a checklist, to make sure all 3 of us have done our tasks each week.

What are Digipacks?

Digipaks are a type of CD case usually made from cardboard and plastic which differs from normal CD cases which are usually made from plastic. Digipaks are usually only used for special editions of CD’s such as Linkin Park’s Reanimation and Red Hot Chilli Peppers Stadium Arcadium. Digipaks started in the 1980’s with artists such as Prince and U2 releasing albums in the forms of digipaks. Digipaks are generally much more durable than their jewel case counterparts. Mainly because if they are dropped they are less likely to break and they are also much less likely to get scratched from normal wear and tear. Despite being much more durable on the outside compared to jewel cases, they are still just as vulnerable on the inside as the CD tray is still made out of plastic meaning that it is much more likely to break compared to the outside. The teeth in the middle of the CD tray that hold the CD in place are especially fragile because there isn’t much structure or support keeping them intact. This type of CD cover is more environmentally friendly but despite this they still remain less common. This is because they cost more to manufacture in bulk and are much more likely to become damaged in a shop being made out of cardboard. Digipaks started to become very popular in the early 2000’s. When digipaks are opened they usually fold out into three sections. One section should contain the CD, another should contain the leaflet and the other should be a piece of artwork from the artist. Nowadays digipak makers are trying to find ways to make digipaks even more environmentally friendly. For example digipak makers are now making the plastic tray out of recycled bottles which means that there won’t be problems with the teeth being brittle. Another manufacturer has decided get rid of the whole plastic tray and replace it with a paper one made out of sugar cane and egg cartons.

Magazine Advert - Pop

This magazine advert is for Florence and the Machine. The advert shows the front cover of the album when it was yet to be released. It also has the title of the album in big bold font so that everyone can read it. Underneath the title it has the release date for the album in the UK. it then has the most popular songs from the album. it then states that it has three different formats that the album will be released and that it will have a deluxe CD. At the bottom in very small font there is the website for the artist.

We are one member down... :(

Unfortunately, due to personal circumstances, Luke Sayer has had to leave our group as he moved to collage. He had some great ideas which are posted already on our blog which we will still continue to carry out. He has agreed to up up with our filming being in scenes of our music video. We will continue to focus as a group and as we are now a member short, we intend to knuckle down and get everything down ahead of time.

Magazine Advert Research - Rock

This is a magazine advert for Fall Out Boy's album Believers Never Die - The Greatest Hits. this advert could have been placed in a Kerrang Magazine because in the middle it has Kerrang's name. This advert shows the front cover of the CD. It also shows the CD's main tracks that everyone who likes Fall Out Boy will know. this album must have a lot of popular songs because it has six songs on the advert. Most adverts for CD's generally only include two or three songs on the front. The advert shows it release date in the UK. It also tells the viewer that there are two versions of the CD. One version which is normal and a deluxe version which includes the CD and a DVD.

Celine's CD Cover Analysis

Eminem - Marshal Mathers LP2 (Rap)

Meghan Trainor - Title (Pop)

CD Cover Research

• The roses in the background represent the theme that something is coming to an end.
• The song listing and the order they are played in. The font on the back is very bold and in your face. Despite this the text appears to be very close together and can be hard to read.
• The bottom of the CD includes production details which itself includes record labels, country of origin and all rights reserved. It also shows its year of publication and the barcode of the album.
  
• The roses appear on stage showing the theme of something coming to an end once again.
• The stage name of the artist. The font is very bold and clear, it is also very in your face. The second E of Eminem is the wrong way round possibly showing a sign of rebellion.
• The person taking a bow is wearing a suit which doesn't conform with what Eminem usually wears in his videos, Eminem usually wears casual clothing.
• The Parental Advisory sticker implies that the album has offensive language.
• The theme of something coming to an end is further continued with the title of the album and the fact that there are curtains closing behind the person.
• The roses on the stage implies that everyone loves Eminem and that he is an amazing artist.

Music Genre Research

Music Video Research

Codes and Conventions of Different Music Genres

Codes and Conventions of Rock

·         Rock music is generally very loud and heavy

·         Rock artists usually wear dark clothes and may have multiple piercings and tattoos

·         Usually use shots of the band

·         The instruments they play are usually guitars and drums

·         Lighting in the video tends to be relatively dark

·         Usually set in a dark and gloomy place

·         No narrative within the video or lyrics

·         No special effects used

Codes and Conventions of Hip-Hop

·         Usually set in a party environment

·         Shots usually include the artist

·         Sometimes other artists are in the video

·         Tend to have no storyline

·         Usually wear branded clothing and casual clothing

·         Usually has money as the main object

·         Features include cars, jewellery, alcohol and mansions

Codes and Conventions of Dance

·         Songs are usually upbeat

·         The videos are usually fun

·         There can sometimes be a narrative to the song

·         Dancers in the video will wear the same or similar outfits

·         The location for the video is usually at a party

·         The colours in the video are generally very light colours

·         There is usually a choreographed dance

Codes and Conventions of Indie Rock

·         Can sometimes have a narrative

·         Usually shots of the band performing

·         Close up of the characters in the video and close ups of the artists themselves

·         Sometimes a few special effects

·         Sometimes black and white videos

·         Song usually has a calm setting before the beat starts.

Codes and Conventions of Pop

·         Video has a narrative

·         Targeted at younger audiences

·         Usually shows the artists in dance routines in the videos

·         Usually have a lots of colours

·         Closes ups of the artist

·         Pleasant locations fun videos

Codes and Conventions of R’n’B

·         Lots of close ups of the artist/s

·         Major use of special effects

·         Sometimes has a narrative

·         Sometimes a dance routine

·         Set in houses with parties

·         Money is seen extensively

·         Not much performance

Codes and Conventions of Metal

·         Usually have a dark and depressing theme to the songs

·         Usually have dark lighting

·         Lyrics are very heavy and meaningful

·         Music is very loud and strong

·         Usually have longs shots to sow the entire band

·         Band usually play drums and guitars

·         Bands usually wear dark clothing and lots of eye make-up.

·         Usually have multiple tattoos and lots of piercings

Codes and Conventions of Jazz

·         Videos usually contain bright lighting

·         Usually filmed in a large open space

·         Artists usually wear suave clothing such as suits

·         Videos are usually shot in casual locations such as streets, run down places and shops

Codes and Conventions of Folk

·         Lighting is usually dark and is usually focused on the main artist

·         There are usually shadows to show the artist’s emotions

·         Close ups of the instruments and artist

·         Videos usually have a lot of black and white to them

·         The music is very exaggerated

Codes and Conventions of Acoustic

·         Lots of close ups of the artist and their instruments.

·         Artist usually shows facial expression

·         The movement in the videos tends to be very slow

·         Locations of the videos tend to be isolated

·         The videos are edited either in black and white or to make them look old fashioned
Lewis Gollop